5^th International Conference on Obesity and Chronic Diseases June 13-13, 2022 Barcelona, Spain

Hereditary and environmental factors contribute to overweight and obesity in children. As a result of the pattern of physiology and genetics, the child will remain hefty during adolescence and suffer further complications, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other disorders.

An increase in obesity is associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications such as stillbirth, miscarriage, and recurrent miscarriage. As a result of gestational diabetes, obese pregnant women face difficulty during vaginal delivery and a high risk of miscarriage, as well as a high need for cesarean section, which includes risk complications like C-section wounds and infections.

Obesity is one of the leading causes of elevated mortality and morbidity associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The present study examines the associations between the rise in body mass index (BMI) and the consequent rise in cardiovascular diseases and high blood pressure rates, using multivariate analysis and neural network models for obesity and high blood pressure respectively. The risk of developing cardiovascular disease can be reduced by maintaining a healthy weight. Furthermore, it may lead to hypertension, arterial aneurysms, and heart failure, as well as kidney failure.

Patients with obesity carry multiple genes that predispose them to gain excess weight. Among these genes is the fat mass and obesity-associated gene, which increases caloric intake while reducing satiety, and reduces control overeating, as well as sedentary behavior and body fat storage. A variety of medical and physical therapies can be used to treat obesity. These include bariatric surgery and gastrointestinal surgery. Numerous surgeries are available to cure obesity.

When it comes to losing weight or preventing obesity, a low-fat diet is the best approach. A diet low in red and processed meat is associated with a lower risk of heart disease and obesity. Diet is a term used to describe the total calories consumed over a period of time. Proper diets should include balanced nutrition and low-calorie intake. Very low-calorie diet - A very low-calorie diet (VLCD) is a diet that involves consuming less than 3350 kilojoules (800 calories) a day and consuming fewer foods with saturated fat, sugar, and alcohol.

In human health, a chronic disease is a condition that is continual or has lasting effects. It may also be a disease that comes with a period of time. Whenever a disease lasts longer than three months, it is considered chronic. Many chronic diseases are associated with obesity.

In recent years, considerable attention has been devoted to obesity as defined by body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, and the risk of various types of cancer. Among postmenopausal women, obesity has been linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer (among postmenopausal women), kidney cancer, thyroid cancer, liver cancer, and gallbladder cancer. Cancer-related mortality may also be increased by obesity.

Childhood, adulthood, and adolescence are the most common groups affected by obesity. Most people become overweight or obese because they do not get enough physical activity and eat poorly.  Weight management in children and adults is also addressed through regular assessment supported by body mass index (BMI), as well as to determine underlying causes, risk factors, and comorbidities associated with obesity. Obesity management includes lifestyle changes, medications as well as surgery. Exercise and diet are two ways to manage obesity.

The term bariatric surgery, which is also known as weight loss surgery, includes a number of different types of procedures performed on patients suffering from obesity. Weight loss surgery can have a number of adverse effects, including infection, nutritional deficiency, gallstones, and chronic nausea and vomiting. Bariatric surgery is an effective way to improve many health problems related to obesity, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol levels, and sleep apnea. A variety of weight-loss procedures are available.

The term "Anti-Obesity Drugs" refers to all the pharmacological treatments meant to reduce or control body weight while causing fewer side effects. The three main categories of anti-obesity drugs can be classified based on their mode of action, namely: drugs inhibiting intestinal fat absorption, drugs suppressing food intake, drugs increasing energy consumption, and thermogenic drugs.

Exercise physiology is a branch of kinesiology that studies the transient physiological reactions to physical activity and the adaptation of the body to repeated bouts of physical activity. Experts in practice physiology regularly have the responsibility of molding an individual to a superior degree of well-being while monitoring safety issues (danger of damage, illness, natural manifestations, and so forth.) associated with a single session of activity. A customer who can profit by training with an activity physiology specialist will vary greatly, from world-class competitors seeking to improve their performance to patients with a wide range of ailments seeking to keep up or increase their capacity to fulfil the exercises of everyday living.

Depression can lead to overeating and weight gain; obesity can lead to intense unhappiness. For years, researchers were unable to explain the obvious connection between weight and mental health. Obesity and depression are inextricably linked among adolescents and adults alike. But is melancholy the cause of obesity or does obesity set it off? Depression and weight problems are very universal and are linked to numerous fitness complications, such as hypertension and coronary heart disease. Due to their respective links to cardiovascular disease, researchers have assumed a possible association between melancholy and weight problems. There is no doubt that extended hunger, reduced interest and weight gain can be signs and symptoms of despair, and people with melancholy are much more likely to binge eat and less likely to exercise. Depression and obesity have strong genetic links, so kids whose mothers or fathers had one or both issues are more prone to have them as well.

The global-extensive project Diabesity is a modern epidemic that suggests the coexistence of both diabetes and obesity. Various diabetes and weight problems situations and corresponding study programmes were presented from exceptional nations exhibiting an escalating epidemic, increased morbidity, and unsustainable public health costs. In the world, diabetes is the 5th main cause of death and is associated with extreme fitness headaches. The effects of diabetes on health can range from long-term diabetic headaches, to a reduction in fitness-related functionality, to the reduction in well-being and a shorter standard of living. Long-term headaches can be caused by myocardial infarction, a cerebrovascular stroke, or end-stage renal disease. Furthermore, latest advances have revealed that continual pressure, despair, and sleep problems are associated with both diabetes and obesity. Therefore, it is vital that we take steps to manage this evolving epidemic of obesity, including screening, prevention, and early intervention.

The disease of obesity is multifactorial and complex. Since 1980, the prevalence of overweight and stoutness has tripled to the extent that almost 33% of the population is overweight or large. Regardless of topographical zone, identity, or financial status, weight rates have risen across all ages and both genders, although stoutness is by and large more prevalent among older people and women. Overweight and stoutness rates fluctuated widely across locales and nations, though the commonness of each varied widely. During the previous few years, the commonness rates of heftiness appear to have levelled off in some developed nations. An epidemiological investigation commonly uses a weight file (BMI) to determine overweight and stoutness. 

Psychological conditions in which eating habits, associated feelings, and emotions are severely disrupted are eating disorders. A person suffering from an eating disorder is usually obsessed with food and their weight. Anorexia, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and OSFED can all be classified as eating disorders (other specified feeding or eating disorders).

Weight loss with Ayurvedic medications is a safe, holistic method that has no side effects. Naturopathic medicine is defined as a rational, drugless, and evidence-based method of treating disease with natural elements and the theories of toxemia vitality and the healing capacity of the human body.

Chronic disease or stress can harm a person's physical and psychological health like obesity, diabetes, hormonal imbalances, and endocrine dysfunction. There are many reasons why people start practicing yoga, including depression, hypertension, heart conditions, drug abuse, obesity, and gastrointestinal disorders. The health system is receiving drastic changes because of yoga. Regular fitness programmes and diet are essential for controlling overweight, which include yoga-specific asana, cardio exercise, breathing exercises, and meditation.

Every year, at least 2.8 million people die from being overweight or obese. Overweight and obesity have undesirable metabolic effects on blood pressure, sterols, triglycerides, and resistance to hypoglycemic medications. As body mass index (BMI), a measure of weight for height, increases, so does the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. The risk of cancer of the breast, colon, prostate, mucous membranes, excretory organs, and gallbladder increases with a high body mass index.